Context

Functions

address()

address(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x30_ADDRESS.js:14 ADDRESS opcode (0x30) - Get address of currently executing account Stack: [] => [address] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

balance()

balance(frame, host): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x31_BALANCE.js:27 BALANCE opcode (0x31) - Get balance of an account Stack: [address] => [balance] Gas costs vary by hardfork (EIP-150, EIP-1884, EIP-2929):

Pre-Tangerine Whistle: 20 gas
Tangerine Whistle (EIP-150): 400 gas
Istanbul (EIP-1884): 700 gas
Berlin (EIP-2929): 2600 gas (cold) / 100 gas (warm)

EIP-2929 (Berlin) tracks warm/cold access for state operations:

Cold access: First time address is accessed in transaction (2600 gas)
Warm access: Subsequent accesses to same address (100 gas)
Tracking maintained in frame.accessedAddresses Set

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

host

BrandedHost Host interface

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

calldatacopy()

calldatacopy(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x37_CALLDATACOPY.js:42 CALLDATACOPY opcode (0x37) - Copy input data in current environment to memory Stack: [destOffset, offset, length] => [] Gas: 3 (GasFastestStep) + memory expansion + copy cost Copies length bytes from calldata[offset:offset+length] to memory[destOffset:destOffset+length]. If offset + i >= calldata.length, remaining bytes are zero-padded.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

calldataload()

calldataload(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x35_CALLDATALOAD.js:32 CALLDATALOAD opcode (0x35) - Get input data of current environment Stack: [offset] => [data] Gas: 3 (GasFastestStep) Loads 32 bytes from calldata starting at offset. If offset + i >= calldata.length, remaining bytes are zero-padded.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

calldatasize()

calldatasize(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x36_CALLDATASIZE.js:13 CALLDATASIZE opcode (0x36) - Get size of input data in current environment Stack: [] => [size] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

caller()

caller(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x33_CALLER.js:14 CALLER opcode (0x33) - Get caller address Stack: [] => [caller] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

callvalue()

callvalue(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x34_CALLVALUE.js:13 CALLVALUE opcode (0x34) - Get deposited value by instruction/transaction responsible for this execution Stack: [] => [value] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

codecopy()

codecopy(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x39_CODECOPY.js:42 CODECOPY opcode (0x39) - Copy code running in current environment to memory Stack: [destOffset, offset, length] => [] Gas: 3 (GasFastestStep) + memory expansion + copy cost Copies length bytes from bytecode[offset:offset+length] to memory[destOffset:destOffset+length]. If offset + i >= bytecode.length, remaining bytes are zero-padded.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

codesize()

codesize(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x38_CODESIZE.js:13 CODESIZE opcode (0x38) - Get size of code running in current environment Stack: [] => [size] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

extcodecopy()

extcodecopy(frame, host): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3c_EXTCODECOPY.js:57 EXTCODECOPY opcode (0x3c) - Copy an account’s code to memory Stack: [address, destOffset, offset, size] => [] Gas costs include three components:

Access cost: hardfork-dependent (EIP-150, EIP-1884, EIP-2929)
Copy cost: 3 gas per 32-byte word (rounded up)
Memory expansion cost: Quadratic expansion cost for new memory

Gas varies by hardfork:

Pre-Tangerine Whistle: 20 gas access
Tangerine Whistle (EIP-150): 700 gas access
Istanbul (EIP-1884): 700 gas access
Berlin (EIP-2929): 2600 gas (cold) / 100 gas (warm) access

EIP-2929 (Berlin) tracks warm/cold access for state operations. Copies size bytes from code[offset:offset+size] to memory[destOffset:]. Missing bytes (beyond code length) are zero-padded.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

host

BrandedHost Host interface

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

extcodehash()

extcodehash(frame, host): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3f_EXTCODEHASH.js:32 EXTCODEHASH opcode (0x3f) - Get hash of an account’s code Stack: [address] => [hash] Gas costs vary by hardfork (EIP-1884, EIP-2929):

Constantinople-Istanbul: 400 gas
Istanbul-Berlin: 700 gas (EIP-1884)
Berlin+ (EIP-2929): 2600 gas (cold) / 100 gas (warm)

EIP-1052 (Constantinople): Introduces EXTCODEHASH opcode

Returns keccak256 hash of account’s code
Returns 0 for non-existent accounts (instead of empty hash)
Can be used for code verification without deploying full code

EIP-2929 (Berlin) tracks warm/cold access for state operations.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

host

BrandedHost Host interface

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

extcodesize()

extcodesize(frame, host): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3b_EXTCODESIZE.js:27 EXTCODESIZE opcode (0x3b) - Get size of an account’s code Stack: [address] => [codeSize] Gas costs vary by hardfork (EIP-150, EIP-1884, EIP-2929):

Pre-Tangerine Whistle: 20 gas
Tangerine Whistle (EIP-150): 700 gas
Istanbul (EIP-1884): 700 gas
Berlin (EIP-2929): 2600 gas (cold) / 100 gas (warm)

EIP-2929 (Berlin) tracks warm/cold access for state operations:

Cold access: First time address is accessed in transaction (2600 gas)
Warm access: Subsequent accesses to same address (100 gas)
Tracking maintained in frame.accessedAddresses Set

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

host

BrandedHost Host interface

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

gasprice()

gasprice(frame, gasPrice): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3a_GASPRICE.js:14 GASPRICE opcode (0x3a) - Get price of gas in current environment Stack: [] => [gasPrice] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

gasPrice

bigint Transaction gas price

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

origin()

origin(frame, origin): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x32_ORIGIN.js:15 ORIGIN opcode (0x32) - Get execution origination address Stack: [] => [origin] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep)

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

origin

AddressType Transaction origin address

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

returndatacopy()

returndatacopy(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3e_RETURNDATACOPY.js:53 RETURNDATACOPY opcode (0x3e) - Copy output data from the previous call to memory Stack: [destOffset, offset, length] => [] Gas: 3 (GasFastestStep) + memory expansion + copy cost EIP-211: Introduced in Byzantium hardfork Copies length bytes from returnData[offset:offset+length] to memory[destOffset:destOffset+length]. Throws OutOfBounds if offset + length > returnData.length.

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

returndatasize()

returndatasize(frame): EvmError | null

Defined in: src/evm/context/0x3d_RETURNDATASIZE.js:15 RETURNDATASIZE opcode (0x3d) - Get size of output data from the previous call Stack: [] => [size] Gas: 2 (GasQuickStep) EIP-211: Introduced in Byzantium hardfork

Parameters

frame

BrandedFrame Frame instance

Returns

EvmError | null Error if any

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​Context

​Functions

​address()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​balance()

​Parameters

frame

host

​Returns

​calldatacopy()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​calldataload()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​calldatasize()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​caller()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​callvalue()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​codecopy()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​codesize()

​Parameters

frame

​Returns

​extcodecopy()

​Parameters

frame

host

​Returns

​extcodehash()

​Parameters

frame

host

​Returns

​extcodesize()

​Parameters

frame

host

​Returns

​gasprice()

​Parameters

frame

gasPrice

​Returns

​origin()

​Parameters

frame

origin

​Returns

Context

Functions

address()

Parameters

Returns

balance()

Parameters

Returns

calldatacopy()

Parameters

Returns

calldataload()

Parameters

Returns

calldatasize()

Parameters

Returns

caller()

Parameters

Returns

callvalue()

Parameters

Returns

codecopy()

Parameters

Returns

codesize()

Parameters

Returns

extcodecopy()

Parameters

Returns

extcodehash()

Parameters

Returns

extcodesize()

Parameters

Returns

gasprice()

Parameters

Returns

origin()

Parameters

Returns

returndatacopy()

Parameters

Returns

returndatasize()

Parameters

Returns