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Try it Live

Run BLS12-381 examples in the interactive playground

Usage Patterns

Common usage patterns for BLS12-381 in Ethereum consensus layer development.
Consensus Client Development Only - These patterns are for building Ethereum consensus clients (Prysm, Lighthouse, Teku, Nimbus). Application developers should use secp256k1 for signatures and BN254 for zkSNARKs.

Validator Key Management

Generate Validator Keypair

Key Derivation (EIP-2333)

Hierarchical deterministic key derivation for validator keys:

Signature Operations

Sign a Message

Verify a Signature

Signature Aggregation

Aggregate Multiple Signatures

The key benefit of BLS - combine N signatures into one:

Aggregate Public Keys

Verify Aggregated Signature

Beacon Chain Patterns

Attestation Aggregation

Sync Committee Signatures

Batch Verification

Verify Multiple Signatures Efficiently

Domain Separation

Different signing domains prevent cross-protocol attacks: