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TypeScript-first: In Zig, build JSON-RPC payloads with std.json and POST via std.http.Client. For sending transactions, sign separately and use eth_sendRawTransaction.

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Transaction Methods

9 methods for submitting signed transactions, querying transaction data, and managing account nonces.

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Overview

Transaction methods handle the full lifecycle: submission, retrieval, receipt tracking, and nonce management. 
const std = @import("std");

// eth_sendRawTransaction
// {"method":"eth_sendRawTransaction","params":["0xSIGNED_TX"]}

// eth_getTransactionByHash
// {"method":"eth_getTransactionByHash","params":["0xTX_HASH"]}

// eth_getTransactionReceipt
// {"method":"eth_getTransactionReceipt","params":["0xTX_HASH"]}

// eth_getTransactionCount (nonce)
// {"method":"eth_getTransactionCount","params":["0xADDRESS","latest"]}

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Methods

Submit a signed transaction to the network for execution.Parameters:
  • signedTransaction: Hex - Signed transaction bytes
Returns: Hash - Transaction hash
// {"method":"eth_sendRawTransaction","params":["0xf86c808504a817c800825208..."]}
Use cases:
  • Submit pre-signed transactions
  • Broadcast transactions from offline signing
  • Send transactions without wallet interaction
Sign and send a transaction (requires unlocked account). Most nodes disable this for security.Parameters:
  • transaction: TransactionRequest - Transaction parameters
    • from: Address - Sender address (must be unlocked)
    • to?: Address - Recipient address (omit for contract creation)
    • value?: Quantity - ETH amount in wei
    • data?: Hex - Transaction data
    • gas?: Quantity - Gas limit
    • gasPrice?: Quantity - Gas price (legacy)
    • maxFeePerGas?: Quantity - Max fee (EIP-1559)
    • maxPriorityFeePerGas?: Quantity - Max priority fee (EIP-1559)
    • nonce?: Quantity - Transaction nonce
Returns: Response<Hash> - Transaction hash
// {"method":"eth_sendTransaction","params":[{"from":"0x...","to":"0x...","value":"0xDE0B6B3A7640000","data":"0x"}]}
Most public nodes do not support this method. Use eth_sendRawTransaction with client-side signing instead.
Get transaction details by hash. Returns null if transaction not found.Parameters:
  • hash: Hash - Transaction hash
Returns: Response<Transaction | null> - Transaction object or null
const tx = await provider.eth_getTransactionByHash(
  Hash('0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b')
);

if (!tx.error && tx.result) {
  console.log('From:', tx.result.from);
  console.log('To:', tx.result.to);
  console.log('Value:', tx.result.value);
  console.log('Block:', tx.result.blockNumber);
}
Transaction fields:
  • hash: Hash - Transaction hash
  • from: Address - Sender address
  • to: Address | null - Recipient (null for contract creation)
  • value: Quantity - ETH amount in wei
  • input: Hex - Transaction data
  • nonce: Quantity - Sender nonce
  • gas: Quantity - Gas limit
  • gasPrice: Quantity - Gas price
  • blockHash: Hash | null - Block hash (null if pending)
  • blockNumber: Quantity | null - Block number (null if pending)
  • transactionIndex: Quantity | null - Index in block (null if pending)
Get transaction by block hash and transaction index within that block.Parameters:
  • blockHash: Hash - Block hash
  • index: Quantity - Transaction index in block (0-indexed)
Returns: Response<Transaction | null> - Transaction object or null
const tx = await provider.eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex(
  Hash('0xb3b20624f8f0f86eb50dd04688409e5cea4bd02d700bf6e79e9384d47d6a5a35'),
  Quantity(0) // First transaction
);
// Response<Transaction | null>
Use cases:
  • Iterate through block transactions by index
  • Retrieve specific transaction position
  • Process transactions sequentially
Get transaction by block number and transaction index within that block.Parameters:
  • blockTag: BlockTag - Block number or tag (‘latest’, ‘earliest’, ‘pending’, ‘safe’, ‘finalized’)
  • index: Quantity - Transaction index in block (0-indexed)
Returns: Response<Transaction | null> - Transaction object or null
const tx = await provider.eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(
  'latest',
  Quantity(0)
);
// Response<Transaction | null>

// By block number
const tx2 = await provider.eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(
  Quantity(18000000),
  Quantity(5)
);
Use cases:
  • Get transactions from recent blocks
  • Access finalized/safe transactions
  • Query specific transaction positions
Get transaction receipt (includes status, logs, gas used). Returns null if transaction not mined.Parameters:
  • hash: Hash - Transaction hash
Returns: Response<TransactionReceipt | null> - Receipt object or null
const receipt = await provider.eth_getTransactionReceipt(
  Hash('0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b')
);

if (!receipt.error && receipt.result) {
  console.log('Status:', receipt.result.status); // 1 = success, 0 = failure
  console.log('Gas used:', receipt.result.gasUsed);
  console.log('Logs:', receipt.result.logs);
  console.log('Contract address:', receipt.result.contractAddress);
}
Receipt fields:
  • transactionHash: Hash - Transaction hash
  • transactionIndex: Quantity - Index in block
  • blockHash: Hash - Block hash
  • blockNumber: Quantity - Block number
  • from: Address - Sender address
  • to: Address | null - Recipient (null for contract creation)
  • cumulativeGasUsed: Quantity - Total gas used in block up to this tx
  • gasUsed: Quantity - Gas used by this transaction
  • contractAddress: Address | null - Created contract address (null if not creation)
  • logs: Log[] - Event logs emitted
  • logsBloom: Hex - Bloom filter for logs
  • status: Quantity - 1 for success, 0 for failure (post-Byzantium)
  • effectiveGasPrice: Quantity - Actual gas price paid
Get transaction count (nonce) for an address. This is the next nonce to use.Parameters:
  • address: Address - Account address
  • blockTag: BlockTag - Block to query (‘latest’, ‘earliest’, ‘pending’, ‘safe’, ‘finalized’)
Returns: Response<Quantity> - Transaction count (nonce)
const nonce = await provider.eth_getTransactionCount(
  Address('0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb0'),
  'latest'
);
// Response<Quantity>

// Use pending for accurate nonce when submitting multiple transactions
const pendingNonce = await provider.eth_getTransactionCount(
  Address('0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb0'),
  'pending'
);
Block tag semantics:
  • 'latest' - Last mined block (confirmed transactions)
  • 'pending' - Includes pending transactions (for sequential submission)
  • 'safe' - Safe block (post-merge)
  • 'finalized' - Finalized block (post-merge)
Use cases:
  • Get next nonce before signing transaction
  • Check account activity (nonce = 0 means no transactions)
  • Track pending transactions
Sign arbitrary data with an account (requires unlocked account).Parameters:
  • address: Address - Account to sign with (must be unlocked)
  • message: Hex - Data to sign
Returns: Response<Hex> - Signature bytes
const signature = await provider.eth_sign(
  Address('0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb0'),
  Hex('0xdeadbeef')
);
// Response<Hex>
eth_sign is dangerous and deprecated. It can sign arbitrary data including valid transactions, enabling phishing attacks. Use typed signing methods like EIP-712 (eth_signTypedData_v4) instead.
Sign a transaction (requires unlocked account). Returns signed transaction without broadcasting.Parameters:
  • transaction: TransactionRequest - Transaction to sign
    • from: Address - Sender address (must be unlocked)
    • to?: Address - Recipient address
    • value?: Quantity - ETH amount in wei
    • data?: Hex - Transaction data
    • gas?: Quantity - Gas limit
    • gasPrice?: Quantity - Gas price (legacy)
    • maxFeePerGas?: Quantity - Max fee (EIP-1559)
    • maxPriorityFeePerGas?: Quantity - Max priority fee (EIP-1559)
    • nonce?: Quantity - Transaction nonce
Returns: Response<Hex> - Signed transaction bytes
const signedTx = await provider.eth_signTransaction({
  from: Address('0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb0'),
  to: Address('0x5FbDB2315678afecb367f032d93F642f64180aa3'),
  value: Quantity(1000000000000000000n),
  gas: Quantity(21000)
});

// Broadcast later
if (!signedTx.error) {
  const txHash = await provider.eth_sendRawTransaction(signedTx.result);
}
Most public nodes do not support this method. Use client-side signing libraries like @noble/secp256k1 or Tevm’s crypto primitives instead.

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Usage Patterns

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Submit and Monitor Transaction

// 1. Get current nonce
const nonceRes = await provider.eth_getTransactionCount(senderAddress, 'pending');
if (nonceRes.error) throw new Error('Failed to get nonce');

// 2. Sign transaction (client-side)
const signedTx = signTransaction({
  nonce: nonceRes.result,
  to: recipientAddress,
  value: Quantity(1000000000000000000n),
  gas: Quantity(21000),
  gasPrice: gasPriceRes.result
}, privateKey);

// 3. Submit transaction
const txHashRes = await provider.eth_sendRawTransaction(signedTx);
if (txHashRes.error) throw new Error('Failed to submit transaction');

// 4. Poll for receipt
let receipt = null;
let attempts = 0;
const maxAttempts = 60;

while (!receipt && attempts < maxAttempts) {
  const receiptRes = await provider.eth_getTransactionReceipt(txHashRes.result);

  if (!receiptRes.error && receiptRes.result) {
    receipt = receiptRes.result;

    if (receipt.status === Quantity(1)) {
      console.log('Transaction successful in block', receipt.blockNumber);
    } else {
      console.log('Transaction failed');
    }
  }

  await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
  attempts++;
}

if (!receipt) {
  console.log('Transaction not mined after 60 seconds');
}

​
Query Transaction Status

// Get transaction and receipt
const [txRes, receiptRes] = await Promise.all([
  provider.eth_getTransactionByHash(txHash),
  provider.eth_getTransactionReceipt(txHash)
]);

if (txRes.error || !txRes.result) {
  console.log('Transaction not found');
} else if (receiptRes.error || !receiptRes.result) {
  console.log('Transaction pending (not mined yet)');
} else {
  const receipt = receiptRes.result;

  if (receipt.status === Quantity(1)) {
    console.log('Transaction successful');
    console.log('Gas used:', receipt.gasUsed);
    console.log('Logs:', receipt.logs.length);
  } else {
    console.log('Transaction failed');
  }
}

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Get Account Nonce

// For next transaction submission
const nonce = await provider.eth_getTransactionCount(address, 'pending');

// For confirmed transaction count
const confirmedNonce = await provider.eth_getTransactionCount(address, 'latest');

// Check if account has pending transactions
if (!nonce.error && !confirmedNonce.error) {
  const pendingCount = Number(nonce.result) - Number(confirmedNonce.result);
  console.log(`Account has ${pendingCount} pending transactions`);
}

​
Process Block Transactions

// Get transaction count
const countRes = await provider.eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber('latest');

if (!countRes.error) {
  const count = Number(countRes.result);

  // Fetch all transactions
  const txPromises = Array.from({ length: count }, (_, i) =>
    provider.eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex('latest', Quantity(i))
  );

  const txResults = await Promise.all(txPromises);

  for (const txRes of txResults) {
    if (!txRes.error && txRes.result) {
      console.log('Transaction:', txRes.result.hash);
      console.log('From:', txRes.result.from);
      console.log('To:', txRes.result.to);
      console.log('Value:', txRes.result.value);
    }
  }
}